New Belgium Brewing Marketing Strategy to Expand free essay sample

New entries to brewing have a relative ease in creating home micro-breweries, which is aided by the simplicity of the brewing process. Micro-breweries are measured as producing less than 15,000 barrels of beer per year with 75% or more of the beer sold off-site. However, in order to mass produce beers to competitive market levels, more expensive technologies are needed. This provides some protection to established firms in the industry. In addition, the expert knowledge of the brew-masters in the established firms takes years of hands-on experience to acquire, knowledge which is not readily available to most new entrants.The bargaining power in the industry belongs to the customers due to the variety of craft beers throughout the country and specialty, regional beers. Substitutes for beer include liquors, wines, sodas, teas, juices, and sports drinks. The wide variety of alternative options for consumers is a general threat to the brewing industry. Supplies are generally bought by brewers, with New Belgium providing an example by getting their raw malt materials from the United States and Canada, hops from the Pacific Northwest, and packaging material from Colorado. We will write a custom essay sample on New Belgium Brewing Marketing Strategy to Expand or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Then the rivalries within the industry are pretty intense, with the three major players in the domestic market (Budweiser, Miller, Coors), mid-major players (Sam Adams New Belgium) and the craft/homemade breweries. At any level, a brewing company will have heated competition for consumers. The brewing industry remains to be an attractive industry for the owners to invest in because of the worldwide appeal of the product, the longevity of beer’s position as a beverage for humanity, and the United States’ cultural inclusion of beers.New Belgium has found a niche for higher-quality, craft brewing. In addition, the demand for these specially made craft brews have increased despite an overall decline in beer sales in the United States. Growth of the craft brewing industry in 2010 was 11% by volume and 12% by dollars compared to growth in 2009 of 7. 2% by volume and 10. 3% by dollars. Overall, U. S. beer sales were down an estimated 1. 0% by volume in 2010. New Belgium states that they opened distribution in six new states in 2009, and increased production by 15%, despite the declining economic climate.Thus craft brewers, like New Belgium, are a threat to the established powers of the beer industry, the Big Three (Bud, Coors, Miller). Craft Beer Sales Growth BEFORE 2010 New Belgium ought to be more aggressive in their desire for growth. The intense rivalry of specifically craft-breweries, not to mention the beer industry as a whole, demands aggressive growth policies. With the continued growth of craft breweries in the domestic market, New Belgium has the potential to gain market share with their mass-production capabilities already in place, and their niche as a specialty, craft beer.Particularly, they must be more aggressive in their marketing campaign. Facebook and Twitter are essential to any Internet advertising campaign for a company nowadays. New Belgium has been proficient in gaining attention through Facebook, as the numbers of â€Å"likes† for New Belgium Brewery’s Facebook has grown from 63,000 in 2010 to its current number of 179,714 (as of June 27, 2011). The brewery’s Twitter account currently has 27,415 followers, and then the company is following well over 15,000 of their customers and other businesses in the area.These connections give them a huge opportunity to communicate directly with consumers. In order to maximize this opportunity, they should promote their existing events like the Tour de Fat bike race and beer festivals across the country. New Belgium should also open a second brewery in the eastern half of the United States to accommodate more growth into uncharted territories. Putting the new brewery in an already established eastern market like Indiana would allow New Belgium to solidif y their hold on current markets while giving them the potential to grow into neighboring territories. Introduction to the Northeast is critically important because as of now they are ceding the whole region to rival competitors like Samuel Adams. The pluses to this second brewery include additional capacity for production of beers, wider reach of distribution, and ultimately higher sales due the territorial growth. The minuses include a possible loss of company culture at the new brewery due to its distance from Fort Collins. Another minus would be the loyalty current consumers have for regional craft beers already in the market. However these minuses can be addressed by implementing a couple different measures.First, in order to acquaint New Belgium products into new markets, the company should employ a specialized sales team that will go into local bars and pubs and buy New Belgium products for locals. This will begin the grassroots campaign which New Belgium has thrived upon throughout their history. In order to keep the company culture in the new eastern brewery, the co-founders Jeff and Kim Lebesch should be sent to head the new branch. Because the culture and values are already entrenched in the Colorado brewery, the New Belgium culture would be more easily maintained there without the founders being present.Then the founders could personally oversee the implementation of the culture in the new branch. The market positioning of a product is characterized by its pricing, quality, service, distribution, and packaging. For the Fat Tire Ale is the flagship beer of the New Belgium Brewery. It is priced competitively with other specialty beers in the industry, with a bottled 12-pack sold for $13. 99. This makes it less expensive than imported beers, but more expensive than mass-produced products of the Big Three. New Belgium considers it â€Å"one f the most affordable luxuries around†. This also implies that the quality of Fat Tire is superior to its competition. New Belgium assures the quality of its beers by using suppliers who meet their expectation according to the criteria of quality, sustainable practices of the company, supplier support and price. Having these expectations ensure that the highest quality materials are used to go into their brands, Fat Tire included. Service-wise, they do not ship beers to individual vendors, but only to distributors and retailers of beers.The sustainability practice of New Belgium illustrates how they serve their community and the environment, which then appeals to community-conscious consumers. In distribution, New Belgium currently supplies Fat Tire in 26 states as of 2010 and plan on expanding it into additional states in 2011. Consumers can access it from alcohol retailers, in local pubs and bars, or straight from the brewery in Fort Collins, Colorado. Fat Tire’s packaging is central to New Belgium’s marketing efforts, as the bike featured on Fat Tire bottles is now part of the official company logo.The bicycle image is meant to convey New Belgium’s â€Å"whimsical approach to business, the history of [the company’s] beginnings, and their emphasis on sustainability. † The design of the label on the beer gives a vintage and rustic look to Fat Tire, which appeals to its inspiration from the bike trails of Belgium. In addition, the bottles are all made in Colorado for New Belgium, which is in line with the company’s pledge to support the local community. One recommendation for the Fat Tire brand is to elevate its marketing to a mor e mainstream level. This would push Fat Tire from simply being a craft beer with a strong cult following, to a top-tier, household-name brand. This would entail more traditional marketing endeavors such television and magazine ads, as well as a greater Internet presence through advertisements. The advertisements would focus on the story behind the Fat Tire and its superior quality compared the mass-produced beers of the Big Three. The pluses to this sort of re-positioning would include initiating the marketing push into the mind of the average consumer, thus creating opportunity for similar growth with other brands.The minus to this would be if they miss the mark on their marketing campaign, then their loyal followers could be turned away from the Fat Tire brand, thinking that the company has lost touch with its roots. An interesting note would be the question of how competitors would react to a mainstream Fat Tire. Competitors could either anticipate a successful New Belgium launch and react accordingl y, or try to stomp out the mainstreaming efforts of New Belgium to keep them in their current place in the market. New Belgium appeals more to the consumer customer in their marketing focus.They list their core audience and target market as â€Å"craft beer drinkers†¦college educated, more affluent than the average beer drinker, and in their career years (30-50 years old). † Additional markets that New Belgium appeals to include â€Å"fans of Belgian style brews, folks who admire the Colorado lifestyle, and people with more socially aware buying habits. † In this, they can try to focus their marketing efforts towards these particular people then allow them to spread the word about New Belgium to other segments of the market.New Belgium’s transactional customers include smaller bars and pubs, and alcohol retailers within their distribution areas. Typically, New Belgium targets retailers who support the â€Å"slow food movement† and other sustainable practices in line with New Belgium ideals. The marketing program at New Belgium is currently based on mostly grassro ots efforts, with some additional online support through Facebook and Twitter. They generally do not advertise strongly in television or print media such as magazines as of now.They heavily promote company events, beer festivals and their annual Tour de Fat bicycle race. In order to become more competitive and stand out from the competition, they must more aggressively market their products to the consumer. We recommend that New Belgium host a second Tour de Fat bike race in the Eastern United States, where New Belgium has yet to expand to. The Appalachian Mountains provide a similar environmental backdrop to the race, which would be ideal in expanding the company’s sustainability principles to the new markets.The pluses to this include expansion into new markets and the continuation to spreading their core values and culture to communities in the area. The minus is the relative lack of brand recognition in the area, thus increasing the risk of an unsuccessful turn-out for the event. It would be interesting to see if the people of Appalachia are as environmentally conscious as those from the Rocky Mountain area where New Belgium comes from. In order to broaden the base and accessibility of the New Belgium brands, in is essential for marketing to play a greater role in the company than it currently does.This expansion would require television exposure, print advertisements in environmentally-conscious magazines, and expanded usage of the Facebook and Twitter platforms. In television, they reach many more target consumers. Their target consumers (ages 30-50) watch TV on average 4 hours in a 24 hour span, and having these advertisements would put their brands on the consumers’ minds. The magazine ads would be effective because they could pick and choose which magazines to place ads, which focuses on readers who are active and environmentally minded.Then the internet resources of Facebook and Twitter ought to include contests and giveaways for followers of Ne w Belgium. For instance, New Belgium could host a â€Å"Green Project Contest† in which Twitter followers can tweet green project ideas to support and maintain ecosystems, and then New Belgium would award the winner $10,000 to implement their project idea. This would both advertise New Belgium commitment to sustainability and boost the traffic to their Twitter page.The pluses of the television campaign include more exposure to consumers and additional legitimacy to their brand name. The repetition of the ads would also drive the brand name into the consciousness of the consumer mind. The minus of the television ads would the relative high costs of putting it on air as well as creating the commercial, which needs to coincide with the core values and ideals of the company. The pluses of the magazine are the choice of magazine in which to place ads as well as spreading the detailed imagery of the New Belgium brand.The minuses include a possible contradiction to the environmental ideals by using additional paper to promote their ‘sustainable’ measures. The pluses of the internet campaign include encouraging interaction with consumers to post or ‘tweet’ their experiences with New Belgium and their products. The Green Project Contest would add to their sustainability efforts while at the same time promoting the brand. The minus of these internet efforts would possible over-exposure to loyal followers and the uncontrollable variables of the internet.

Amara Holdings Limited

Question: Discuss about the Amara Holdings Limited. Answer: Introduction: The company owns hotels and the different others residential as well as the commercial properties throughout different parts of the Southeast Asia. One of its hotels in Saigon was sold in the year 2008 (Amaraholdings.com, 2016). The current trends throughout the market segments revealed that the demands of the properties are increasing in large numbers and the firm has the interest in two of the office buildings, five specialty restaurants, a shopping complex, three apartments and different residential properties.Moreover, the firm is looking forward to its expansion throughout different geographical areas with the help of developing and capturing new properties. The firm was incorporated in the year 1970 and traced its roots in the 1930s. Some of the top competitors of the firm are Keppel Corporation limited, Hotel properties limited and Wheelock properties limited. Company and industry analysis Sales have been considered to be one of the most crucial factors which help in the establishment of any of the firm concerned. There need to be effective strategies from the firm in order to entry into the new market segments for establishing its business processes (Ryz?ko, 2011). The pricing from the competitors and the selection of the geographical location for the development of the properties plays a major role in increasing the profitability in this particular industry. Therefore, Amara Holdings Limitedis planning to capture different locations in order to enhance the growth and the expansion of the business processes of the firm. References Amaraholdings.com. (2016).Amara Holdings. [online] Available at: https://www.amaraholdings.com/ [Accessed 13 Nov. 2016]. Ryzko, D. (2011).Emerging intelligent technologies in the industry. 1st ed. Berlin: Springer.

Utilitarian Ethics in Philosophy

Introduction Ethics is an important aspect of humanity that distinguishes people from animals. However, an analysis of multiple issues related to the subject of ethics may raise uncertainty and confusion. Deciding what is right or wrong is not clear-cut. Thus, several philosophers developed several frameworks from which one could understand the subject of ethics.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Utilitarian Ethics in Philosophy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More As a result, the principle of utilitarianism falls among the most important frameworks in which one can apply ethics. Utilitarianism is both a practical and a logical approach of viewing the subject of ethics. This paper defends the principle of utilitarianism as an important perspective to use when applying ethics. A utilitarian views a right or a wrong action from a practical threshold, which holds that if some acts bring benefits to most people, they may be considered as the right ones, while if some deeds result in negative outcomes to the majority, they are meant to be wrong (Hammond 38). One can clearly see that utilitarian ethic is both practical and simple in use, when compared to other types of ethics (Hammond 40). Other types of ethics, such as virtual ethics, are obviously ambiguous in several respects (Hammond 43). For instance, people hold different and sometimes opposite views on ethics (Hammond 48). Consider, for example, the issue of euthanasia. While some people think that it is absolutely wrong to take away somebody’s life, others believe in the opposite calling it â€Å"good death†. Since it gives a person an opportunity to determine according to one’s views if such an action can bring good to people, utilitarian ethics eliminates ambiguities that originate with other types of ethics (Hammond 35). Another important argument for the application of utilitarian ethics lies in its capacity to avoid a need to determine an absolutely right or wrong principle, which is often unattainable in fact (Hammond 45). The vanity of attempting to classify an action as right or wrong is evident (Hammond 31). Governing laws in several countries recognize the room for giving exceptions to some offences depending on circumstances. For example, some countries that do not allow abortions make exceptions for the unique circumstances, when the unborn child can kill the mother; due to such a threat, a doctor can do abortion.Advertising Looking for essay on ethics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Likewise, soldiers should apply utilitarian ethics in the battlefield; otherwise they will face the guilt of murder of another person (Hammond 50). The examples above are just a few among a database of utilitarian moral principles that shape laws and guide the general life of the society (Hammond 42). In some cases, everyone should adopt utilitarian et hics in his/her daily activities. Besides, utilitarian ethics gives a clear framework for deciding on an important choice when faced with a dilemma. Such a case is especially true for leaders, or those in positions that lay heavy responsibilities with them. Consider an army commander who is to make a decision if it is necessary to use an annihilating force against an enemy that poses a potential threat to the country (Hammond 50). When such a commander applies utilitarian ethics to evaluate his/her decision, he/she will need to consider if utter annihilation of the enemy force will lead to more benefits for his/her nation and the world; thus, a person will have a clear platform on which the one can base his/her moral actions (Hammond 56). Importantly, utilitarian ethics brings a sense of responsibility to people and can build an honest personality as well. It allows to judge morals from a perspective that does not consider the benefits that such an action will bring to people. A per son who applies deontological or virtual ethics may practice a type of morality that has an origin in one’s childhood or environmental background. Often, such an influence does not take into account the dynamics the one is facing. Such a direction can limit the choices and make individual practice right morals. Since a utilitarian considers the issue at hand, he/she bases his/her decisions on his/her sense of responsibility and honesty, while applying his/her ethics. Some philosophers point out an unclear line between happiness and sadness as an inherent weakness in utilitarian ethics (Hammond 41). Since pleasure depends on multiple factors, which include culture, beliefs and psychology, it is sometimes difficult to decide whether an action will benefit most people. Here, the utilitarian perspective stands that while people may disagree on several components of advantage or disadvantage, it is clear that some actions may bring a degree of general comfort and enhance well-bein g of most people. For example, an action that will reduce poverty within the society is generally acceptable as a right action in the perspective of utilitarianism. However, as it clear from western societies, reducing poverty, although it eliminates some form of suffering, does not itself guarantee a construction of happy society. The society then concentrates on the other needs, which determine its overall state of satisfaction with life.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Utilitarian Ethics in Philosophy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Still, one cannot blame an initiative of solving the issue of poverty for the emerging needs of a wealthy society. One should not stop to dream of a society free of violence and crime because managing such an issue can lead to more challenges (and needs) for future societies. Moreover, one cannot stop attempting to decide on an action that can potentially be advantageous to the l argest segment of the population simply because the society may evolve new needs (Hammond 39). The lack of a universal set of moral standards in utilitarian ethics may create concern for some philosophers (Hammond 57). Since moral decisions are often left at the discretion of people (or small parties) to decide what is potentially good for the major part of the community, there is a potential risk to make wrong choices. Still, it is unfair to judge utilitarianism from such a perspective since other type of ethics, such as deontological ethics, falls in a similar category. Even a supporter of virtual ethics will admit that he/she often regrets for some moral decisions he/she has made. Similarly, when making a decision, one cannot remain absolutely certain that whatever he/she does will benefit the largest segment of the community (Hammond 47). However, since such a person makes moral decisions based on his/her own view, one cannot avoid bias and an opportunity to be wrong due to oneà ¢â‚¬â„¢s limitations and lack of knowledge. Conclusion The issue of ethics needs an evaluation that considers crucial dynamics in our society. Here, the conflicting ethical values within communities and the unique nature of situations that require individuals to make moral decisions are the specific factors that one needs to consider when reviewing ethics. Besides, varying cultural, religious, educational and social dynamics within countries make it difficult to develop universal ethics (Hammond 50). Utilitarian ethics provides a foundation for addressing the above mentioned trends that arise in society. When applying utilitarian ethics, the most important consideration, which is a common interest for everyone, is the benefit it may give to the general population (Hammond 42). Works Cited Hammond, Peter. Consequentiality Theory and Utilitarian Ethics. California: Stanford University Press, 2000. Print This essay on Utilitarian Ethics in Philosophy was written and submitted by user Francisco Talley to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Melancholy in Twelfth Night Essays

Melancholy in Twelfth Night Essays Melancholy in Twelfth Night Essay Melancholy in Twelfth Night Essay Essay Topic: Cymbeline Symposium By Plato Twelfth Night Twelfth Night is the merriest of Shakespeare’s romantic comedies, it is also the saddest. The Christian associations of the title suggests the carpe diem theme which runs through the play. Epiphany, according to Christian mythology, is the time when the shepherds recognized the birth of Christ. The feast of epiphany is the last festival of the Christmas season, after which death takes over. This cycle of life is an extension of the ancient pagan fertility rituals. The mood is similar in Keats’s ‘To Autumn’, Hedge-crickets sing; and now with a treble soft The red-breast whistles from a garden-croft; And gathering swallows twitter in the skies. Only, Keats finds reassurance in the fact that swallows will return, but Shakespeare is concerned with the cessation of life which looms over the whole play. Here the recognition is of the transience of life, unlike in Cymbeline where the rediscovery of Perdita symbolises the rediscovery of one’s soul. Significantly, Twelfth Night is the last of the romantic comedies. After this Shakespeare moves on to the tragedies and the problem plays – this is the last play where joy is not alloyed with problems of evil and anti-life. Everything that is subject to time is valueless, this was the medieval conception. Thus during the middle ages all human activity was directed towards God. Man was given little importance. Then with Renaissance came yet undiscovered knowledge. The new astronomical discoveries allowed man to explore the universe independent of the scriptures. With this was born man’s pride in being man in the mortal universe. And thus man became conscious of the beauty and transience of life. This removed the concept of life everlasting from the framework of eternity. This introduced the prominence of mortality. The dance of death was now more feared than ever. New questions about human existence took form. Comedy seeks to find answers, a meaning of life; yet Shakespeare presents a frail shadowy background to his actions. One of the main governing thoughts in Twelfth Night is the fragility of life. This is the play of youth, almost all the characters are young, and this generates the sadness. Shakespeare asks all to enjoy fleeting life, make the most of the twelve days, scorning the Malvolios. A pattern emerges from all this lot which gives life some meaning. Twelfth Night, despite all its laughter, seems to play upon the keys of loss, affliction and deep bewilderment, which sounds through the gentle beauty of the romance convention and the festive humour. The bonded family words – father, brother, sister – signifies absence, loss of security and a longing. It is this sense of irreparable loss, and the mild apprehension that all this might prove to be a dream provides the poignant dream-like feeling which pervades the play. The loss is internal as well as external. The recognition of one’s self is a dominant theme, and almost all characters are haunted by this and hunt for their selves as well as their lost loves. Orsino’s languorously insatiable desire for love and ‘food of love’ in the first scene presents a parodic statement of the omnipresent sense of want. The hunting pun serves to express the search which is already begun. Nevertheless, Orsino’s words set the mood of the play, which, even through all the ‘caterwauling’ of the kitchen group, never fades. Orsino says That strain again, it had a dying fall: O, it came oer my ear like the sweet sound That breathes upon a bank of violets, Stealing and giving odour Orsino’s appetite is soon satiated. The music loses its appeal and his love for love becomes evident. Even the hunting image takes on contemporary significance – Diana becomes the naked truth which makes Acteon wild. This is a parody of Petrarchan conceits and it is fittingly given to Orsino, who, like all in Illyria, is in a state of illusion. According to Plato’s Symposium love is a hole, an absence longing to be filled. So Twelfth Night is a play of pining: Orsino for Olivia, Olivia for Viola, Viola for Orsino, and comically Sir Andrew and Malvolio for Olivia. This emphasis on pining invokes the classical myth of Narcissus and Echo, and makes a narcissistic triad of self enclosed loneliness. Each of them playing simultaneously Narcissus and Echo with respect to others. They seek their own reflections in the other’s face and own echo in the other’s voice. But more melancholy than this ‘love-sorrow’ is the separation of loved ones by real or apparent death. This again can be traced to the sense of romantic lack as embodied in this state of primary loss. Nearly all characters bear traces of such loss – from the father-brother loss which provides similar traumatic experiences for Viola and Olivia, down to the farcical yet nostalgic exclamation of Sir Andrew: ‘I was adored once, too. ’ While Viola’s sorrow is genuine, Olivia’s vow to keep her face veiled for seven years seems more like a ploy to ward off Orsino’s unwanted advances. Otherwise her whole behaviour is comically excessive in place of being melancholy. Seven years in black violates the Elizabethan mourning etiquette which prescribed a period of one year for a brother. Olivia closely parallels Orsino – both in her reclusiveness more alleged than borne out – and as a willing victim of introspective melancholia. Olivia’s unnamed brother fades from the surface of the play. But his spirit continues to haunt. For no sooner has the theme of brother loss been sounded in the minor key than it recurs in the major. The ‘eye-offending brine’ of tears gives way to the sea. Olivia’s brother fades into Viola’s. In a drama greatly concerned with wholeness of identity, the twinned heroines are each presented as halves of a pairing, cloven away from the male counterpart with whom she started life. In Jungian terms, when Viola assumes the male disguise, it is as if she recapitulates in her own person the lost other, dressing exactly like Sebastian, and as if Olivia also locates her own in Viola. Herein lies the fact that both of them are in an illusory world, it is only the presence of Sebastian which allows a happy resolution, otherwise the imminent result was definitely tragic. There might be an autobiographical element in this brother-sister separation theme. Shakespeare himself was the father of boy-girl twins of whom the boy died before the composition of this play. The twins were eleven and half years old when death separated them. Shakespeare must have felt at heart the wistful sadness in the eyes of Judith the surviving child, which he endowed to viola. Twelfth Night contains a calm, loving elegy, and a myth of rebirth. It feigns that Hamnet, the boy twin, is not dead, but lingers in the unknown, washed up on the shores of Illyria, the land of illusion and lyricism. Prove true, imagination, O prove true This is not only Viola’s, but also Shakespeare’s heartfelt cry. Thus Viola’s sadness resounds with a new meaning. Her exclamation at her entry is, And what should I do in Illyria? My brother he is in Elysium. Her brother comes back to her, but Hamnet does not. Unlike Sebastian, Viola controls herself and centres her thoughts on immediate problems. Her wit allows her to obtain a shelter in an alien and unfriendly world. But her wit also has a touch of the autumnal – in keeping with the autumnal note of the play. And even in her sorrow she can sympathise with others. She understands Olivia’s plots instantly in place of scorn, shows tender understanding, she says, Alas, our frailty is the cause, not we, For such as we are made of, such we be. Her identification with Olivia is appropriate in more ways than one – not only both of them are lovesick, but also they long for a brother figure. But Viola’s pathos is more touching. She has to bear messages to her rival from the man she loves. This she does without a murmur and with all sincerity. Her praise of Orsino comes straight from her heart. She is pained to the extreme, and almost reveals herself when Orsino calls women less faithful and lacking in depth of emotion. She tells the Duke: My father had a daughter lov’d a man, As it might be perhaps, were I a woman, I should your lordship. Thus secretly professing her love. But her suppressed agony is felt when she tells Orsino the supposed ending of her non-existent sister’s love whose history was, she tells Orsino, A blank, my lord: she never told her love For she never expects to have Orsino and she dares not aspire to the impossible. As when her brother’s name is mentioned she fears to hope for the best. Shakespeare saves the play from ending in total disaster by bringing in Sebastian and thus allowing Viola to have a happy end, in an union with Orsino. In the first scene orsino begins with an imagery of flowers. And the scene ends with flowers: Away before me to sweet beds of flowers! Love-thoughts lie rich when canopied with bowers. The image of flowers comes again and again throughout the play. Flowers symbolise transience – momentary beauty, something that does not last. So Feste tells Olivia: As there is no true cuckold but calamity, so beauty’s a flower. Reminding her that times are never always bad, thus to keep on mourning for something that is past is to waste precious time and no one has world enough and time. Orsino talks about woman’s beauty, asking Cesario to fall in love with some woman younger than he, For women are as roses, whose fair flower Being once displayd, doth fall that very hour. Viola has to agree. She admits that death comes when one has just reached perfection. Speaking not only for women but for all mankind. The flower imagery stresses the carpe-diem theme of the play – cease the day before it ends. This theme is also propagated through the music of the play. In Twelfth Night music plays a vital role, establishing the tone of the play. Through music the emotive basis of human existence is emphasised, which is to be felt rather than perceived cerebrally. There is rare music in Viola. She does not sing, but her words carry poetic inspiration. She echoes Shakespeare’s sonnets when she tells Olivia: Lady, you are the cruellst she alive If you will lead these graces to the grave And leave the world no copy. Like the early marriage sonnets the theme here is of beauty perpetuated through marriage. But the character who is full of music and is truly melancholy, though not in his attitude or expression, is Feste. Feste is the first true fool of Shakespeares plays. One of the functions of the clown is to sing. He sings to Toby and Andrew: What is love? Tis not hereafter, Present mirth hath present laughter: Whats to come is still unsure. In delay there lies no plenty, Then come kiss me sweet and twenty: Youth’s a stuff will not endure. The fragility of youth and shadow of death – this is in line with the play’s theme and mood and also Feste’s character. His other song, which he sings to please Orsino, is equally sad, Come away, come away death, And in sad cypress let me be laid. Fie away, fie away breath, I am slain by a fair cruel maid. This song continues to reveal Feste’s own bleak future. He is outside the action, an objective onlooker. There is no involvement. He is poor, has no security. He begs to acquire money. For a man of his intellectual capacities this must be disgusting. He has no past, no future and no considerable present. He is a relic of the past, from Olivia’s father’s time. He is constantly threatened with discharge which is as bad as hanging for him. But he lets summer bear it out. Only his song betray his state. Thus in his songs the thought of hereafter is subordinated. In the final scene everyone leaves except Feste, who stays to give the audience a song. A song in which he is transformed from the character to the actor. His final song marks the ending of the play, the ending of the twelfth night. Death’s reign starts from the next day. Feste’s song is nostalgic, he recalls when folly was not as unacceptable or threatening. He also gives a cynical view of marriage as an unwanted responsibility. This casts an oblique perspective on the centrality of marriage in the play as a symbol of concord and resolution. A great while ago the world begun, With hey, ho, the wind and the rain, But thats all one, our play is done, And well strive to please you everyday. That’s all one’ signifies from one perspective that since nothing is really important enough to worry about, pleasure and folly are the only activities worth undertaking. From another, similar, perspective the phrase can be read as hopeless, despairing resignation, pleasure and folly are doomed attempts to escape from an intolerable consciousness of futility . In ‘our play is done’, it is more about the innocent activities than about the play itself. It is a nostalgic recognition of the post innocence state. Feste’s song probably takes place on a dark, empty, silent stage, encapsulating Feste’s loneliness. His life is really as empty. He is as much an outcast as Malvolio, only he is not embittered. He is the artist. Isolated, presenting life, but not belonging to it. His song is a very cynical comment on human existence. To Feste the world does seem like a tale Told by an idiot, full of sound and fury, Signifying nothing. The song is a reminder of the theme of the play – youth and its subjection to time. The question which arises is whether this kind of existence is worth the strife. With this question the curtain descends on Shakespeare’s romantic world. The final song, which brings together all the melancholy passages in the play, leaves a yearning in the reader’s mind. A tinge of sadness which fills the heart and leaves a deep impression, is given to the whole play. This song marks a turning point in the world of Shakespearean drama. The playful attitude is done, now it is time for serious businesses of life, which involves the greatest of calamities. Perhaps at the moment Shakespeare himself identified with Feste. He who even with his immeasurable height of mind had to be the public’s jester and servant. Perhaps for an idle moment he wondered, if all this is worth the complications or not.

Managing Property Businesses Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Managing Property Businesses - Term Paper Example To remain competitive, organizations have to evaluate their strategies to make sure they align with business needs - both today and in the future. They need to deliver new business value and growth in the market through product innovation, more personalized customer service or transforming business processes They must be able to anticipate, rapidly respond and always be available. Organizations are looking to make better use of resources that they have, whether by saving a step in a business process or by improving linkages with their business partners. Organizations are looking to get more out of the resources they have in place so they can be freed up to generate additional opportunity. They want to reduce their operating costs so that they can invest in growth and opportunity. The need for a suitable workforce seems to be at the top of these reasons for relocation."Most businesses start in a small facility, such as the founder's garage, and then move to bigger quarters in the same city", says L. Clinton Hoch, director of location advisory services for DCG Corplan Consulting (a site selection consultancy in West Orange, New Jersey). Later, the business outgrows that location or begins to find fault with its facilities, services, utilities, infrastructure or other features. "Usually only after a business owner goes through those stages is he or she ready to make a move out of the original area," says L. Clinton Hoch. Relocating may be one of the best things that can be done for a business. Whether we are moving by choice or by necessity (our lease is up and our landlord is raising the rent), relocation is not an easy task. There are issues like location scouting, commercial realtors, negotiating, number crunching, licenses, packing, unpacking, mail forwarding.  Ã‚  

Introduction to Executive Tools for Decision Making Essay

Introduction to Executive Tools for Decision Making - Essay Example However, Ford Automotive has invested on its operating activities more than what McDonald’s is spending. This shows that the company is looking forward to growth. The financial data showed that the three companies are doing well in terms of net income and cash flow in 2009 as compared to 2008. Although, Ford Automotive has experienced a negative income for two years in 2008 and 2007, it has returned to profitability by the end of 2009. Bank of America, on the other hand, experienced a decline in profit for 2008. This may be due to the financial crisis in the country. Bank of America receives a grade of A because of its high profitability and liquidity. It means that investor’s money put up in the firm is safe and earning. McDonald’s got a grade of B for sustaining a profitable business. However, there is less growth in term of net income for the past years. Ford Automotive receives a grade of C because the company experienced a negative net income and the growth of the company is

Technology and being a nurse educator Assignment

Technology and being a nurse educator - Assignment Example The field of nursing education needs a nurse educator that is competent, with unique application of nursing knowledge as well as responds to the knowledge evolution. Nursing education evolves from simple, traditional classroom teaching to complicated, online learning, use of informatics, and virtual simulations ( Bonnel, & Smith, 2010, p. 3). Along with this evolution is the need for nursing educators who can embrace technology and use it appropriately to meet the ever-changing needs of nurses, educators, students, patients, and society. Effects of Technology to a Nurse Educator The integration of technology in the field of nursing education affects nurse educators positively and negatively. The positive effects include the nurse educators’ enhancement of teaching opportunities, improved access to teaching materials saving both time and cost, provides educational options or strategies of teaching (used of printout, electronic sources, classroom interaction etc.), presents educ ational materials more challenging, knowledgeable, and presentable, promotes clinical safety and gain efficiency in teaching and learning, and guides evidenced-based practice. On the other hand, one possible negative effect noted is the difficulty encountered by nursing educators to adapt to technological advancements resulting in poor teaching and learning outcome.